HC Sparta Prague have regularly been one of the best teams in the Czech Republic, making it to the playoffs almost every year. Sparta’s first string of success was when they won back-to-back national titles in 1952/53 and 1953/54 under the name Spartak Sokolov. Later, Sparta won the Czechoslovak league in 1989/90 and 1992/93. Since the Czech Extraliga was established, Sparta have won four more titles (2000, 2002, 2006 and 2007). In 2020 Sparta finished third in the Extraliga regular season (the playoffs were voided due to COVID-19).

They were runners up for the European Championship in 2000 and 2008.

Sparta played their home games in the Sports Hall of the Holesovice Fairgrounds from 1962 until 2015 when they moved to the larger and more modern O2 Arena.

Sparta's best CHL campaign to date was in 2016/17 when they made it all the way to the Final. They were beaten in OT by the Frölunda Indians in the closest final in CHL history.